Wednesday, 10 September 2025

Financial inlcusion and access to payment accounts with basic features: the current state of play in the EU

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Financial inclusion, or access to affordable and useful financial services, is essential for our modern-day living. Access to payment accoun...
Tuesday, 2 September 2025

Key GDPR Fines in Mid-2025: Luka (Replika), TikTok, and ING Bank Śląski

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This post discusses three recent decisions of Data Protection Authorities imposing fines for GDPR infringements on Luka Inc., TikTok, and I...
Friday, 15 August 2025

Produce Labels and the Circular Economy: CJEU interprets "Packaging" in Interfel (C-772/24)

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On August 1, the CJEU delivered an interesting judgment in  Interfel  (C-772/24), which could assist in promoting sustainable consumption.  ...
Monday, 11 August 2025

The Digital Services Act in action: combatting illegal and unsafe products

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With the development of online marketplaces, combating illegal and unsafe products reaching EU consumers is not easy. In recent years, onlin...
Tuesday, 29 July 2025

Polish bankruptcy law fails consumers with unfair loan terms - CJEU in Wiszkier (C-582/23)

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Photo by Towfiqu barbhuiya on Unsplash In July 2025, the CJEU issued a judgment in Wiszkier ( C-582/23 ), concerning a Polish case involvin...
Friday, 11 July 2025

Delayed bags, immediate compensation rights - CJEU in Iberia (C-292/24)

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On June 5, the CJEU issued a new judgment interpreting the Montreal convention, which governs rules for international air carriage, in the c...
Wednesday, 9 July 2025

Consumers' access to interim relief - the CJEU in Myszak (C-324/23)

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In case C-324/23 (Myszak) the Court of Justice of the European Union was asked again to deal with the consequences of mortgage loan agreem...
Tuesday, 1 July 2025

Deferred payment option as a ‘promotional offer’: CJEU in bonprix (C-100/24)

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In bonprix (Case C-100/24), the CJEU was asked to clarify the meaning of ‘promotional offers’ under Art. 6(c) of the E-commerce Directive ....

Comparison websites outside scope of comparative advertising: CJEU in HUK-Coburg (C‑697/23)

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For those who are on the lookout for good value for money, price comparison websites are a go-to tool. While ‘comparative advertising’ is re...
Monday, 30 June 2025

On the Transparency Requirements of Arrangement Fees – CJEU in Justa v Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria SA (Case C-39/24)

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Consolidating Caixabank SA ( C‑224/19 ) and CaixaBank SA ( C‑565/21 ) in Case C-39/2024 of 30 April 2025, the Court of Justice (CJEU) rul...